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The genus Cardiovirus consists six species, Cardiovirus A (formerly named Encephalomyocarditis virus), Cardiovirus B (formerly named Theilovirus) and Cardiovirus C, Cardiovirus D (Saffold virus), Cardiovirus E (red-backed vole cardiovirus) and Cardiovirus F (grey-backed vole cardiovirus)

Cardiovirus A is comprised of two serotypes of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV). Cardiovirus B is comprised of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), Vilyuisk human encephalomyelitis virus (VHEV), Thera virus (TRV;  isolated from rats). Cardiovirus C is comprised of Boone cardiovirus 1 and 2. Note: due to the lack of complete polyprotein-coding sequences for genet fecal theilovirus and marmot cardiovirus, proposals as new species were rejected by the ICTV.

The cardioviruses are most closely related to members of the genera , Aphthovirus, Cosavirus, Erbovirus and Senecavirus.

Search for Cardiovirus sequences on GenBank

Genome organisation:

VPg+5’UTR^IRES-II[L/1A-1B-1C-1D-2A^npgp/2B-2C/3A-3B^VPg-3C^pro-3D^pol]3’UTR-poly(A)

Below: Phylogenetic analysis of the P1 capsid-coding region of the cardioviruses.

Key:
EMCV, encephalomyocarditis virus
SAFV, Saffold virus
TMEV, Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus
TRV, Thera virus
VHEV, Vilyuisk human encephalomyelitis virus

Software: MEGA 4.0
No. of Taxa : 46
Data File : ThV-EMCV-P1.meg
Data Title : Cardiovirus P1
Data Type : Nucleotide (Coding)
Analysis : Phylogeny reconstruction
Tree Inference : ==============================
->Method : Neighbor-Joining
->Phylogeny Test and options : Bootstrap (1000 replicates; seed=64238)
Include Sites : ==============================
->Gaps/Missing Data : Pairwise Deletion
->Codon Positions : 1st+2nd+3rd+Noncoding
Substitution Model : ==============================
->Model : Nucleotide: Maximum Composite Likelihood
->Substitutions to Include : d: Transitions + Transversions
->Pattern among Lineages : Same (Homogeneous)
->Rates among sites : Uniform rates
No. of Sites : 2610
No Of Bootstrap Reps = 1000