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The species Parechovirus
A (formerly named Human parechovirus) consists of 19 types,
human parechovirus (HPeV)-1 to 19. HPeV-1 and HPeV-2, were formerly classified in the enterovirus genus as echovirus 22 and 23,
respectively.
Another
isolate, CT86-6760, originally classified as
E-23/HPeV-2 (based on serological
cross-reactions) has been re-classified as HPeV-5.
Search for Human parechovirus sequences on GenBank
Genome organisation
VPg+5'UTRIRES-II[1AB-1C-1D/2AH-Box/NC-2B-2C/3A-3BVPg-3Cpro-3Dpol]3'UTR-poly(A)
Prototype strains
Type |
Strain |
Accession |
Reference |
HPeV-1 |
Harris |
L02971 |
Hyypiä et al., 1992 |
HPeV-2 |
Williamson |
AJ005695 |
Ghazi et al., 1998 |
HPeV-3 |
A308/99 |
AB084913 |
Ito et al.,
2004 |
HPeV-4 |
K251176-02 |
DQ315670 |
Benschop et al., 2006 |
HPeV-5 |
CT86-6760 |
AF055846 |
Oberste et al., 1998 |
HPeV-6 |
NII561-2000 |
AB252582 |
Watanabe et al., 2007 |
HPeV-7 |
PAK5045 |
EU556224 |
Li et al., 2009 |
HPeV-8 |
BR/217/2006 |
EU716175 |
Drexler et al., 2009 |
HPeV-9 |
BAN2004-10902 |
JX219575 |
Nix et al., 2013 |
HPeV-10 |
BAN2004-10903 |
X219568 |
Nix et al., 2013 |
HPeV-11 |
BAN2004-10905 |
JX219574 |
Nix et al., 2013 |
HPeV-12 |
BAN2004-10904 |
JX219567 |
Nix et al., 2013 |
HPeV-13 |
BAN2005-10901 |
JX219579 |
Nix et al., 2013 |
HPeV-14 |
451564 (NL, 2004) |
FJ373179 |
Benschop et al., 2008 |
HPeV-15 |
BAN-11614 |
JX219573 |
Nix et al., 2013 |
HPeV-16 |
BAN-11615 |
JX219580 |
Nix et al., 2013 |
HPeV-17 |
M36/CI/2014 |
KT319121 |
Böttcher et al., 2017 |
HPeV-18 |
GhanaA36 886 |
KY931660 |
Graul et al., 2017 |
HPeV-19 |
17-827 |
n/a |
Böttcher et al., unpub. |
References
Abed, Y. and Boivin, G. (2005). Molecular characterization
of a Canadian human parechovirus (HPeV)-3 isolate and its relationship to
other HPeVs. J. Med. Virol. 77: 566-570.
Al-Sunaidi, M., Williams, C.H., Hughes, P.J., Schnurr,
D.P. and Stanway G. (2006). Analysis of a new human parechovirus allows the
definition of parechovirus types and the identification of RNA structural
domains. J. Virol. Sep 27; [Epub ahead of print]
Benschop, K.S.M., Schinkel, J., Luken, M.E., van den Broek,
P.J.M., Beersma, M.F.C., Menelik, N., van Eijk, H.W.M., Zaaijer, H.L.,
VandenBroucke-Grauls, C.M.J.E., Beld, M.G.H.M. and Wolthers, K.C. (2006).
Fourth human parechovirus serotype. Emerging Infect. Dis. 12, 1572-1575.
Benschop, K., Thomas, X., Serpenti, C., Molenkamp, R. and
Wolthers, K. (2008). High prevalence of human parechovirus (HPeV) genotypes
in the Amsterdam region and identification of specific HPeV variants by
direct genotyping of stool samples. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 3965-3970. Epub
2008 Oct 22.
Böttcher, S., Obermeier, P.E., Diedrich, S., Kaboré, Y.,
D'Alfonso, R., Pfister, H., Kaiser, R. and Di Cristanziano, V. (2017).
Genome sequence of novel human parechovirus type 17. Genome Announc. 5(8).
pii: e01649-16.
Drexler, J.F., Grywna, K., Stöcker, A.,
Silva Almeida, P., Medrado Ribeiro, T.C., Eschbach-Bludau, M. Petersen, N.,
da Costa Ribeiro, Jr., H. and Drosten, C. (2009). Novel human parechovirus
from Brazil. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 15: 310-313. [DOI:
10.3201/eid1502.081028].
Ghazi, F., Hughes, P.J., Hyypiä, T. and Stanway, G.
(1998). Molecular analysis of human parechovirus 2 (formerly echovirus 23).
Journal of General Virology 79: 2641-2650.
Graul S, Böttcher S, Eibach D, Krumkamp
R, Käsmaier J, Adu-Sarkodie Y, May J, Tannich E, Panning M. High
diversity of human parechovirus including novel types in stool samples
from Ghanaian children. J Clin Virol. 2017 Nov;96:116-119. doi:
10.1016/j.jcv.2017.10.008. Epub 2017 Oct 18. PubMed PMID: 29055866.
Hyypiä, T., Horsnell, C., Maaronen, M., Khan, M.,
Kalkkinen, N., Auvinen, P., Kinnunen, L. and Stanway, G. (1992). A distinct
picornavirus group identified by sequence analysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.,
U.S.A. 89: 8847-8851.
Ito, M., Yamashita,
T., Tsuzuki, H., Takeda,
N. and Sakae, K. (2004).
Isolation and identification of a
novel human
parechovirus. J. Gen.
Virol. 85: 391-398.
Li, L., Victoria, J., Kapoor, A., Naeem, A., Shaukat, S., Sharif,
S., Alam, M.M., Angez, M., Zaidi, S.Z. and Delwart, E. (2009).
Genomic characterization of a novel human parechovirus type. Emerg.
Infect. Dis. 15: 288-291 [DOI:
10.3201/eid1502.080341].
Manzara, S., Muscillo, M., La Rosa, G., Marianelli, C.,
Cattani, P. and Fadda, G. Biological and molecular characterization of human
enteroviruses. Unpublished. [Environmental Hygiene, Istituto Superiore di
Sanita', Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, RM 00199, Italy]
Nix, W.A., Khetsuriani, N., Peñaranda,
S., Maher, K., Venczel, L., Cselkó, Z., Freire, M.C., Cisterna, D., Lema,
C.L., Rosales, P., Rodriguez, J.R., Rodriguez, W., Halkyer, P., Ronveaux,
O., Pallansch, M.A. and Oberste, M.S. (2013). Diversity of
picornaviruses in rural Bolivia. J. Gen. Virol. 94: 2017-2028.
Oberste, M.S., Maher, K. and Pallansch, M.A. (1998).
Complete sequence of echovirus 23 and its relationship to echovirus 22 and
other human enteroviruses. Virus Research 56: 217-223.
Stanway, G., Kalkkinen, N., Roivainen, M., Ghazi, F.,
Khan, M., Smyth, M., Meurman, O. and Hyypiä, T. (1994). Molecular and
biological characteristics of echovirus 22, a representative of a new
picornavirus group. J. Virol. 68: 8232-8238.
Watanabe, K., Oie, M., Higuchi, M., Nishikawa, M. and
Fujii, M. (2007). Isolation and characterization of novel human parechovirus
from clinical samples. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 13: 889-895.
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