The
Picornavirus
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A number of picorna-like viruses have been isolated from fish: barramundi virus-1 (BaV), grouper virus, sea-bass virus-1 (SBV-1), smelt virus-1 (SmV-1), smelt virus-2 (SmV-2) and turbot virus-1 (TuV-1). According to Hetrick (1994), picorna-like viruses also cause disease in Rainbow smelt, Atlantic salmon, Rainbow trout, Brown trout and Japanese parrotfish. According to Chittick et al. (2001), "Picorna-like viruses have been documented in salmonids, Australian sea bass, Japanese parrotfish, red-spotted grouper, striped jack, and rainbow smelt (McAllister 1993a, 1993b; Noga 1996)". Recently the genome sequences of two fish picornaviruses have been reported. Bluegill picornavirus (Barbknecht, 2009) and eel picornavirus (Philipps et al., 2010) are unrelated to each other. References Chittick, B., Stoskopf, M., Heil, N., Levine, J. and Law, M.. (2001). Evaluation of sandbar shiner as a surrogate for assessing health risks to the endangered Cape Fear shiner. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 13: 86-95. Hetrick, F.M. (1994). CRC Handbook on Viral Zoonoses. Hetrick, F.M. and Hedrick, R.P. (1993). New viruses described in finfish from 1988–1992. Annual Review of Fish Diseases 3: 187–207. Abstract: A number of new virus isolates from finfish have been reported in the scientific literature during the past five years. These include nine aquareoviruses, eight picornaviruses, six iridoviruses, five herpesviruses, three rhabdoviruses, three retroviruses, a paramyxovirus, and a coronavirus. Not all of these agents have been isolated in cell culture or established as etiologic agents of disease by controlled transmission studies. The burgeoning number of fish viruses is a reflection of the increased interest in fish diseases, particularly those occurring in aquaculture facilities, and the number will surely grow as fish farming intensifies on a global scale. This review chronicles the new virus isolates and lists them with other members of their virus family where appropriate. McAllister, P.E. (1993a). Freshwater temperate fish viruses. Pages 284–300 in M.K. Stoskopf, editor. Fish medicine. Saunders, Philadelphia. McAllister, P.E. (1993b). Salmonid fish viruses. Pages 380–408 in M.K. Stoskopf, editor. Fish medicine. Saunders, Philadelphia. Noga, E.J. (1996). Fish disease: diagnosis and treatment. Mosby-Year Book, Inc., St. Louis. Philipps, A., Dauber, M., Fichtner, D.,
Groth, M., Wutzler, P. and Zell, R. (2010). Sequencing of a fish
virus reveals a novel picornavirus lineage.
EUROPIC 2010: XVI Meeting of the European Study Group on the
Molecular Biology of Picornaviruses, St. Andrews, Scotland, 11-16
September 2010. Abstract G9, p. 132. |